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WebGL was OpenGL ES from the 1990s bolted into a browser tab — a giant global state machine that could only ever draw. WebGPU is a thin, modern layer over Vulkan, Metal, and Direct3D 12, and it does something WebGL never could: it runs general-purpose compute. That's why in-browser ML, physics, and data-crunching suddenly run at real speed, with no server round-trip.